chartr {base} | R Documentation |
Character Translation
Description
Translate characters in character vectors.
Usage
chartr(old, new, x)
tolower(x)
toupper(x)
Arguments
x |
a character vector. |
old |
a character string specifying the characters to be translated. |
new |
a character string specifying the translations. |
Details
chartr
translates each character in x
that is specified
in old
to the corresponding character specified in new
.
Ranges are supported in the specifications, but character classes and
repreated characters are not. If old
contains more characters
than new, an error is signaled; if it contains fewer characters, the
extra characters at the end of new
are ignored.
tolower
and toupper
convert upper-case characters in a
character vector to lower-case, or vice versa. Non-alphabetic
characters are left unchanged.
Examples
x <- "MiXeD cAsE 123"
chartr("iXs", "why", x)
chartr("a-cX", "D-Fw", x)
tolower(x)
toupper(x)