Hyperbolic {base}

R Documentation

Hyperbolic Functions

Description

These functions give the obvious hyperbolic functions. They respectively compute the hyperbolic cosine, sine, tangent, arc-cosine, arc-sine, arc-tangent.

Usage

cosh(x)
sinh(x)
tanh(x)
acosh(x)
asinh(x)
atanh(x)

Arguments

x	a numeric vector

See Also

cos, sin, tan, acos, asin, atan.

Examples

Ceps <- .Machine$double.eps # ``Computer epsilon''
x <- seq(-3, 3, len=200)
stopifnot(
 abs(cosh(x) - (exp(x) + exp(-x))/2) < 20*Ceps,
 abs(sinh(x) - (exp(x) - exp(-x))/2) < 20*Ceps,
 Mod(cosh(x) - cos(1i*x))	< 20*Ceps,
 Mod(sinh(x) - sin(1i*x)/1i) 	< 20*Ceps,
 abs(tanh(x)*cosh(x) - sinh(x)) < 20*Ceps
)

## Inverse:
all(abs(asinh(sinh(x)) - x) < 10*Ceps)
x[abs(acosh(cosh(x)) - abs(x)) > 100*Ceps] #- imprecise for small x
all(abs(atanh(tanh(x)) - x) < 100*Ceps)

all(abs(asinh(x) - log(x + sqrt(x^2 + 1))) < 10*Ceps)
cx <- cosh(x)
all(abs(acosh(cx) - log(cx + sqrt(cx^2 - 1))) < 1000*Ceps)

---