split {base}

R Documentation

Divide into Groups

Description

split divides the data in the vector x into the groups defined by f. The assignment forms replace values corresponding to such a division. Unsplit reverses the efffect of split

Usage

split(x, f)
split.default(x, f)
split.data.frame(x, f)
split(x, f) <- value
split.default(x, f) <- value
split.data.frame(x, f) <- value
unsplit(value, f)

Arguments

x	vector or data frame containing values to be divided into groups.
f	a “factor” such that factor(f) defines the grouping, or a list of such factors in which case their interaction is used for the grouping.
value	a list of vectors or data frames compatible with a splitting of x

Details

f is recycled as necessary and if the length of x is not a multiple of the length of f a warning is printed. unsplit works only with lists of vectors. The data frame method can also be used to split a matrix into a list of matrices, and the assignment form likewise, provided they are invoked explicitly.

Value

The value returned from split is a list of vectors containing the values for the groups. The components of the list are named by the factor levels given be f. If f is longer than x some of these will be of zero length. The assignment forms return their right hand side. unsplit returns a vector for which split(x, f) equals value

See Also

cut

Examples

n <- 10; nn <- 100
g <- factor(round(n * runif(n * nn)))
x <- rnorm(n * nn) + sqrt(as.numeric(g))
xg <- split(x, g)
boxplot(xg, col = "lavender", notch = TRUE, varwidth = TRUE)
sapply(xg, length)
sapply(xg, mean)

## Calculate z-scores by group

z <- unsplit(lapply(split(x, g), scale), g)
tapply(z, g, mean)

# or

z <- x
split(z, g) <- lapply(split(x, g), scale)
tapply(z, g, sd)

## Split a matrix into a list by columns
ma <- cbind(x = 1:10, y = (-4:5)^2)
split(ma, col(ma))

split(1:10, 1:2)

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