| print.default {base} | R Documentation |
Default Printing
Description
print.default is the default method of the generic
print function which prints its argument.
Usage
## Default S3 method:
print(x, digits = NULL, quote = TRUE, na.print = NULL,
print.gap = NULL, right = FALSE, ...)
Arguments
x |
the object to be printed. |
digits |
a non-null value for |
quote |
logical, indicating whether or not strings
( |
na.print |
a character string which is used to indicate
|
print.gap |
a non-negative integer |
right |
logical, indicating whether or not strings should be right-aligned. The default is left-alignment. |
... |
further arguments to be passed to or from other methods. They are ignored in this function. |
Details
The default for printing NAs is to print NA (without
quotes) unless this is a character NA and quote =
FALSE, when <NA> is printed.
The same number of decimal places is used throughout a vector, This
means that digits specifies the minimum number of significant
digits to be used, and that at least one entry will be printed with
that minimum number.
Attributes are printed respecting their class(es), using the values of
digits to print.default, but using the default values
(for the methods called) of the other arguments.
When the methods package is attached, print will call
show for R objects with formal classes if called
with no optional arguments.
If a non-printable character is encountered during output, it is
represented as one of the ANSI escape sequences (\a, \b,
\f, \n, \r, \t, \v and \0),
or failing that as a 3-digit octal code: for example the UK currency
pound in the C locale (if implemented correctly) is printed as
\243. Which characters are non-printable depends on the locale.
Unicode and other multi-byte locales
In a Unicode (UTF-8) locale, characters 0x00 to 0x1F and
0x7f (the ASCII non-printing characters) are printed in the
same way, via ANSI escape sequences or 3-digit octal escapes.
Multi-byte non-printing characters are printed with as an escape
sequence of the form \uxxxx or \Uxxxxxxxx (in hexadecimal).
It is possible to have a character string in an object that is not
valid UTF-8. If a byte is encountered that is not part of an
encoded Unicode character it is printed in hex in the form <xx>
and the next character is tried.
Note
print.matrix is currently identical to print.default,
but was prior to 1.7.0 did not print attributes and did not
have a digits argument. It is provided only because some
packages call it explicitly.
See Also
The generic print, options.
The "noquote" class and print method.
encodeString.
Examples
pi
print(pi, digits = 16)
LETTERS[1:16]
print(LETTERS, quote = FALSE)